Short Ninespine Stickleback - Pungitius kaibarae Fish Profile & Care Guide
Introduction
The Short Ninespine Stickleback (Pungitius kaibarae) is a freshwater species classified within the family Gasterosteidae, order Gasterosteiformes. This species has been described under seven alternative scientific names, reflecting its taxonomic history. These names, while confusing, are important as they represent the evolution of our understanding of this species. Short Ninespine Sticklebacks exhibit shoaling behaviour and prefer to live in groups. Maintaining a small group in captivity can promote natural behaviours and reduce stress among individuals.
Short Ninespine Sticklebacks are known for their peaceful nature, making them excellent companions for other small, non-aggressive species in an aquarium setting. Their ability to coexist harmoniously replicates their natural habitat, providing a reassuring environment for all inhabitants. Male Short Ninespine Sticklebacks exhibit a striking black colouration across their entire body, complemented by blue dorsal spines and vivid yellow eyes. In contrast, females display a more subdued appearance, characterised by a brown, spotted pattern.
Creating an aquarium that closely mimics the natural habitat of Short Ninespine Sticklebacks is beneficial for their health and longevity and a responsible and caring approach to their care. Clear, slow-moving water, fine sand substrates, irregularly shaped stones, and aquatic vegetation such as Hydrilla verticillata, Nymphaea tetragona, and Vallisneria natans all contribute to a supportive and enriching environment.
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Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism in Short Ninespine Sticklebacks is evident during the breeding season; males develop a dark colouration, while females retain a more subdued appearance.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Pungitius kaibarae |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1915 |
| Other Names | Amur stickleback |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Perciformes |
| Family | Gasterosteidae |
| Genus | Pungitius |
| Origins | China Japan |
| Approx Max Size | 6.5 cm |
| Temperament | Peaceful |
| Aquarium Level | Bottom - Middle |
| Difficulty | Beginner - Intermediate |
| Shoaling | Yes |
| Best kept as | Groups 5+ |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Egg Depositor |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 3 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater/Brackish |
|---|---|
| pH | 7.0 - 7.5 |
| GH | 5 - 12 |
| KH | 4 - 8 |
| TDS | 150 – 300 |
| ℉ | 64 – 75 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 18 – 24 |
Natural Habitat
The Short Ninespine Stickleback is widely distributed across East Asia, including the Korean Peninsula, northeastern and northern China, Japan, the Kuril Islands, the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Jilin Province in China, and the Amur River basin. This species thrives in slow-moving or still freshwater and brackish environments with abundant aquatic vegetation. However, habitat degradation and environmental changes have resulted in population declines in some regions, underscoring the need for targeted conservation efforts to ensure its preservation.
Breeding
When it comes to breeding, Short Ninespine Sticklebacks males build nests on the stems of water weeds and attract females. Fertilisation occurs in the nest immediately after spawning, and males aerate and guard the eggs until hatching. The spawning period of P. kaibarae has been reported to be between February and June, and the peak period is from early March to late April.
Diet & Feeding
Short Ninespine Sticklebacks primarily feed on small invertebrates and aquatic insects in the wild. In an aquarium setting, their diet can be supplemented with high-quality flake foods, live or frozen brine shrimp, and daphnia to mimic their natural feeding habits.
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Published: 09 Dec 2024
Last Updated: 10 Dec 2024